Caução
Autor | Helder Martins Leitão |
Cargo do Autor | Advogado |
Páginas | 56-57 |
Page 56
s.f. (lat. cautione).
s.c.: valores depositados ou aceites para garantirem qualquer responsabilidade; fiança; penhor.
Como ensinava Guilherme Moreira, «a palavra caução, de cautio (cavere, cautum), designa em geral qualquer garantia destinada a assegurar o cumprimento duma obrigação.
Em especial, porém, essa palavra é empregada para designar as garantias que têm de ser prestadas, em virtude de disposição da lei, para assegurar o cumprimento das obrigações provenientes do exercício de determinadas funções e para tornar efectivas as responsabilidades que podem resultar da entrega de bens, cuja restituição tenha de efectuarse findo um certo prazo ou quando se verifique um facto de carácter eventual».
Page 57
A obrigação da prestação de caução, pode ter origem na lei, num contrato ou em decisão judicial.
Quando num contrato, o obrigado, simultaneamente, com o encargo de caucionar, exonerase do mesmo hipotecando imóveis, oferecendo fiador, constituindo penhor, fazendo depósito de valores, etc..
Todavia, pode suceder que no contrato se estipule, unicamente, a obrigação de caucionar, sem qualquer apelo a outro tipo de garantia.
Se assim for, ou logo se especifica o montante da caução a prestar ou se olvida tamanha especificação. Além, o credor, quando sinta necessidade de recorrer aos meios jurídicos, lançará mão do processo regulado no art. 981.º e segs. do C.P.C., com o primacial objectivo de obter da parte do devedor a espécie de caução que se comprometeu a prestar.
No segundo caso, reconduz-se à mesma via, devendo, quanto à espécie de caução, observar-se o...
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PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Dicionário de Processo Civil
- C
- Cabeça-de-casal
- Caducidade
- Cancelamento
- Capacidade judiciária
- Cargo social
- Carta
- Caso julgado
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- Causa
- Causa de pedir
- Causa prejudicial
- Certidão
- Cessionário
- Cheque
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- Credor
- Culpa
- Cumulação
- Curador
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