Caso julgado
Autor | Helder Martins Leitão |
Cargo do Autor | Advogado |
Páginas | 55-56 |
Page 55
s.m. (lat. casu).
s.c.: acontecimento; facto; sucesso.
adj. (lat. judicatu).
s.c.: que é ou foi objecto de julgamento; pensado; decidido.
A decisão considera-se passada ou transmitida em julgado, logo que não seja susceptível de recurso ou reclamação.
Se a decisão recair sobre a relação jurídica substancial - sobre o mérito da causa - temos o caso julgado material.
Se a decisão recair sobre a relação jurídica processual, estamos em face do caso julgado formal.
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Nas questões relativas ao estado das pessoas o caso julgado produz efeitos mesmo em relação a terceiros quando, proposta a acção contra todos os interessados directos, tenha havido oposição, sem prejuízo do disposto, quanto a certas acções, na lei civil.
Considerou-se até aqui a hipótese de decisão admitindo recurso. Se a decisão é irrecorrível, por a causa estar contida dentro da alçada do tribunal, a formação do caso julgado formal não depende da perda do direito de recorrer, pela razão simples de que tal direito não existe. O fenómeno da preclusão é comum ao caso julgado formal e ao caso julgado material.
Remissões:
arts. 671.º a 675.º e 677.º C.P.C..
Jurisprudência:
Ac. S.T.J., de 28/11/02, in Sumários, 11/2002.
Ac. Rel. Coimbra de 20/11/01, in Col. Jur., 2001, 5.º-30.
Ac. S.T.J., de 27/1/93, in Col. Jur., 1993, 1.º-93.
Ac. Rel. Coimbra, de 2/2/88, in Col. Jur., XIII, 1.º-72.
História:
O § único, do art. 2503.º do C.C. de Seabra determinava que o caso julgado sobre questões, de capacidade, filiação ou casamento, tendo sido legítimo o contraditor, fará prova contra qualquer outra pessoa. Este texto suscitou, então, algumas dúvidas nos tribunais, principalmente, sobre o...
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