Portaria n.º 468/88, de 18 de Julho de 1988
Portaria n.º 468/88 de 18 de Julho O problema dos excedentes de trabalhadores portuários tem sido, nos últimos dez anos, uma constante à escala europeia e resulta, fundamentalmente, do facto de as operações portuárias terem evoluído de um perfil de mão-de-obra intensiva para um outro, de capital intensivo, para além da influência de situações conjunturais de retracção económica.
Para tentar resolver esta situação foi publicada Portaria n.º 740/83, de 29 de Junho, posteriormente reformulada pela Portaria n.º 614-B/84, de 20 de Agosto, que estabeleceu que os trabalhadores portuários que atinjam 55 anos passem, em determinadas condições, à situação de reforma.
Esta situação vigora apenas até 1 de Julho de 1988, não sendo até essa data permitidas admissões no sector.
Da aplicação das reformas compulsivas resultaram, obviamente, algumas vantagens para o sector, sendo o exemplo mais flagrante o que se refere ao porto de Setúbal, onde o ajustamento do quadro de pessoal à procura existente permitiu o abaixamento da incidência do custo da mão-de-obra no preço final dos serviços facturados.
A situação em Lisboa e Leixões, no entanto, continua a apresentar aspectos preocupantes. De facto, apesar de se estimar em cerca de 2000 o número de trabalhadores reformados pelas portarias citadas, este número não é suficiente, por si só, para resolver o problema, permanecendo ainda o contingente de trabalhadores muito além do limite que é imperioso atingir para alcançar o indispensável equilíbrio.
Esta medida - reformas antecipadas aos 55 anos - não resolveu o problema de fundo. Com efeito, o esquema, pela sua própria natureza, é implementado durante um período muito longo, tendo a evolução tecnológica, entretanto, continuado a conduzir a uma cada vez menor necessidade de intervenção de mão-de-obra. Por outro lado, não houve redução das equipas contratualmente empregues nas...
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