Decreto-Lei n.º 4/86, de 06 de Janeiro de 1986
Decreto-Lei n.º 4/86 de 6 de Janeiro O Decreto-Lei n.º 267/85, de 16 de Julho, procurou definir regimes equilibrados que, sem afectar interesses públicos necessariamente prosseguidos pela Administração, permitam aos administrados uma tutela eficaz dos seus direitos.
O regime da suspensão da eficácia dos actos administrativos instituído pela Lei de Processo nos Tribunais Administrativos foi concebido na perspectiva de uma relação directa entre o administrado e a Administração.
Neste enquadramento, o actual regime de suspensão da eficácia dos actos recorridos através de suspensão provisória imediata, nomeadamente por via da admissão do pedido antes da interposição do recurso, representa um importante avanço na defesa dos interesses dos particulares, eventualmente lesados pela actuação da Administração.
Acontece, no entanto, que a suspensão de acto já executado pode ter consequências que extravasam a relação entre a Administração e o requerente da suspensão. Esta situação é patente quando o destinatário do acto não tem qualquer interesse na suspensão da eficácia, porque lhe é reconhecido um direito ou interesse legítimo e, deste modo, não utilizará tal meio processual.
Na verdade, o destinatário do acto administrativo encontra-se privado de reagir, tendo, não obstante, um interesse autónomo na produção dos efeitos desse mesmo acto.
Assim, o administrado a que a Administração reconheça o direito ou interesse legítimo só poderá defender o respectivo direito ou interesse, como recorrido particular, no que se refere à legalidade do acto e já não no que respeita à oportunidade da respectiva suspensão de eficácia.
O particular que de boa fé desenvolver a sua actividade com base no acto administrativo, que naturalmente presumiu legal, vê temporariamente frustrados direitos ou interesses legítimos. Acresce que, não sendo concedida àquele a possibilidade de apresentar no tribunal quaisquer fundamentos que conduzam à manutenção da eficácia do acto já executado, contestando assim a utilidade relevante no que toca aos efeitos que o acto produza ou venha a produzir para o recorrente, resultará diminuída a posição processual do...
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