Preferência
Autor | Helder Martins Leitão |
Cargo do Autor | Advogado |
Páginas | 224-226 |
Page 224
s.f. (lat. preferre).
s.c.: acto ou efeito de preferir; predilecção; primazia.
Quando se pretende que alguém seja notificado para exercer o direito de preferência, especificar-se-ão no requerimento o preço e as restantes cláusulas do contrato projectado, indicar-se-á o prazo dentro do qual, segundo a lei civil, o direito pode ser exercido e pedir-se-á que a pessoa seja, pessoalmente, notificada para declarar, dentro desse prazo, se quer preferir.
Querendo o notificado preferir, deve declará-lo dentro do prazo indicado, mediante requerimento ou por termo no processo; feita a declaração, se nos 20 dias seguintes não for celebrado o contrato, deve o preferente requerer, nos 10 dias subsequentes, que se designe dia e hora para a parte contrária receber o preço por termo no processo, sob pena de ser depositado, podendo o requerente depositá-lo no dia seguinte, se a parte contrária, devidamente notificada, não comparecer ou se recusar a receber o preço. O preferente que não observe estas regras, perde o seu direito.
Pago ou depositado o preço, os bens são adjudicados ao preferente, retrotraindo-se os efeitos da adjudicação à data do pagamento ou depósito.
Page 225
Se o direito de preferência competir a várias pessoas, simultaneamente, mas houver de ser exercido apenas por uma, não designada, há-de o requerente pedir que sejam todos notificados para comparecer no dia e hora que forem fixados, a fim de se proceder a licitação entre elas; o resultado da licitação é reduzido a auto, no qual se registará o maior lanço de cada licitante.
O direito de preferência é atribuído ao licitante que ofereça o lanço mais elevado.
Competindo o direito de preferência a mais de uma pessoa sucessivamente, pode pedir-se que sejam todos notificados para declarar se pretendem usar do seu direito no caso de vir a pertencer-lhes ou pedir-se a notificação de cada uma à medida que lhe for tocando a sua vez em consequência de renúncia ou perda do direito do interessado anterior.
No primeiro caso, prossegue o processo em relação ao preferente mais graduado que tenha declarado querer preferir, mediante prévia notificação; se este perder o seu direito, proceder-se-á da mesma forma quanto ao mais graduado dos restantes e assim sucessivamente.
Competindo o direito de preferência a herança, pedir-se-á no tribunal do lugar da sua abertura a notificação do cabeça-de-casal, salvo se os bens a que respeita estiverem licitados ou incluídos em algum dos quinhões, porque...
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