Mandato judicial
Autor | Helder Martins Leitão |
Cargo do Autor | Advogado |
Páginas | 186-187 |
Page 186
s.m. (lat. mandatu).
s.c.: autorização ou procuração que alguém confere a outrém para, em seu nome, praticar certos actos; missão; encargo.
adj. 2 gén. (lat. judiciale).
s.c.: referente a juiz, aos juízes ou aos tribunais.
O mandato judicial pode ser conferido:
* por instrumento público ou por documento particular, nos termos do Código do Notariado e da legislação especial;
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* por declaração verbal da parte no auto de qualquer diligência que se pratique no processo.
O mandato atribui poderes ao mandatário para representar a parte em todos os actos e termos do processo principal e respectivos incidentes, mesmo perante os tribunais superiores, sem prejuízo das disposições que exijam a outorga de poderes especiais por parte do mandante.
Nos poderes que a lei presume conferidos ao mandatário está incluído o de substabelecer o mandato.
A eficácia do mandato depende de aceitação que pode ser manifestada no próprio instrumento público ou em documento particular ou resultar de comportamento concludente do mandatário.
Os mandatários judiciais só podem confessar a acção, transigir sobre o seu objecto e desistir do pedido ou da instância, quando estejam munidos de procuração que os autorize, expressamente, a praticar qualquer desses actos.
A falta de procuração e a sua insuficiência ou irregularidade podem, em qualquer altura, ser arguidas pela parte contrária e suscitadas, oficiosamente, pelo tribunal. Sempre que o vício resulte de excesso de mandato, o tribunal participa a ocorrência ao Conselho Distrital da Ordem dos Advogados.
A revogação e a renúncia do mandato devem ter lugar no próprio processo e são notificados, tanto ao mandatário ou ao mandante, como à parte contrária.
Em casos de urgência, o patrocínio judiciário pode ser exercido como gestão de negócios.
Porém, se a parte não ratificar a gestão dentro do prazo assinado pelo juiz, o gestor será condenado nas custas que...
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