Limite material e região autónoma
Autor | Arnaldo Ourique |
Páginas | 148-149 |
Page 148
Desde o texto original de 1976 que a Constituição Portuguesa possui um limite material aquando das revisões constitucionais sobre a autonomia político-administrativa dos arquipélagos dos Açores e da Madeira.74 A Lei Fundamental é clara quanto à forma do articulado, mas não quanto ao conceito. Isto é: «as leis de revisão constitucional terão de respeitar a autonomia político-administrativa». Mas, respeitar como? E o que é, para esse efeito, a autonomia político-administrativa?
Do respeito. Há elementos indicativos sobre como é respeitado esse limite. A expressão limite "material" é sintomática: está proibida a manutenção de uma fachada textual sem que essa estrutura tenha conteúdo pragmático. Ou seja, não é admissível que se mantenha a mera designação sem que existam as normas que consubstanciem de um modo ou de outro a efectiva autonomia. Por exemplo, na última Revisão Constitucional de 2004 (não contamos com a de 2005) de certo modo manteve-se a fachada de uma autonomia evoluída, com a argumentação de que agora não há, por exemplo, os limites à criação de leis de origem autonómica como o interesse específico ou (o princípio fundamental) da lei geral da República, e que, portanto, as regiões autónomas têm como único limite as matérias da competência dos órgãos de soberania. Mas sob esta capa idílica esconde-se um paraíso falso: é que essa liberdade está plasmada específica e concretamente na lei dos estatutos político-administrativos que é declarada exclusivamente pelo parlamento nacional quando antes estava na Constituição.
Em síntese, pois, o respeito há-de ser material e não só formal ou não só quase formal. Seguindo aquele exemplo concreto (é possível muitos outros), se antes a região autónoma tinha uma liberdade política constitucional, tem-na agora apenas legal. Aquela Revisão Constitucional excedeu o limite material relativamente à maneira como deve respeitar a autonomia.
Do conceito. O que é a autonomia político-administrativa, mais ainda para efeitos de revisões constitucionais que é como quem diz para efeitos de alteração desse estatuto autonómico, é coisa de muitas normas, quer constitucionais e estatutárias, quer ainda de muitas outras leis igualmente importantes...
Para continuar a ler
PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Autonomia portuguesa
- 2ª Parte: Paradigmas político, jurídico e filosófico
- A autonomia constitucional no Século XXI
- A crise das autonomias (a propósito do Tribunal de Justiça das Comunidades Europeias)
- Continuação. Forma de Estado
- Solidariedade nacional
- O novo conceito constitucional de interesse específico
- Continuação. Fiscalização
- O princípio da audição das regiões autónomas na Constituição da República Portuguesa
- O Preâmbulo do Estatuto dos Açore
- O Preâmbulo do Estatuto dos Açore
- Criação da lei nos Açores (apontamentos para o seu estudo)
- Continuação. A sua crise
- O passado, o anterior e o actual sistema legislativo
- Porquê um controlo preventivo da lei
- Não há cidadania sem leis
- E não há leis sem democracia
- Supletividade autonómica
- O homem açoriano e a violação da ordem jurídica
- Limite material e região autónoma
- Audição autonómica
- Fuga para a autonomia administrativa
- Representante da República
- Herança dos últimos governos
- Herança dos últimos governos
- Continuação
- Autonomia constitucional
- Continuação
- Conclusão
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