Disposições Gerais
Autor | Helder Martins Leitão |
Cargo do Autor | Advogado |
Páginas | 251-253 |
Page 251
Nas secções antecedentes tratamos dos processos especiais integrados na jurisdição contenciosa.
É agora tempo de apontarmos para aqueles outros processos, que sendo ainda especiais, se arregimentam sob a denominação de jurisdição voluntária.
Que distingue uma e outra destas categorias adjectivas? Os tratadistas ainda não conseguiram traçar a correcta linha separadora. Chiovenda, Wach, Zanzucchi e mais uns outros, viraram diletantes no tratamento da matéria.
O apuramento pretendido ficou por fazer-se.
A separação material no C.P.C. entre uma e outra espécie, foi objecto, na Comissão Revisora, de interpelação ao responsável, o Prof. Alberto dos Reis.
Que, então e assim respondeu: «A delimitação entre a jurisdição voluntária e a contenciosa é uma questão ainda em aberto; não há uma base segura, um critério preciso que habilite a discriminar os processos que pertencem a uma e a outra classe. Abstive-me, por isso, muito propositadamente, de inserir no Projecto 325 qualquer definição ou conceito sobre a matéria. No estado de incerteza em que ainda se encontra o assunto, 326 seria rematada imprudência pretender resolver o problema mediante uma fórmula legal; era lançar a doutrina e a jurisprudência numa querela fatal, era criar uma fonte inesgotável de controvérsias e questões. Resolvi, pois, adoptar o sistema de enumerar taxativamente os processos de jurisdição voluntária». 327
E... numa de modéstia, conclui o prestigiado Mestre: «Há de dizer-se que é arbitrária e defeituosa a classificação, que outros processos deviam ter sido incluídos nela, e alguns não deviam aí figurar.
Page 252
Sem querer fazer voto de humildade, confesso que foram grandes, profundas e graves as hesitações do meu espírito, ao ter de arrumar no capítulo XVIII 328 os processos de jurisdição voluntária; a cada passo me assaltava a dúvida - se tal ou tal processo ficava bem colocado neste capítulo, se nele devia também entrar um ou outro processo incluído na categoria de jurisdição contenciosa.
A arrumação é defeituosa porventura; mas tem a vantagem de oferecer à jurisprudência segurança e certeza». 329
É claro que não foi por mero acaso nem por simples capricho que se inseriram aqui estes processos e não outros.
No espírito de quem organizou a classificação estava um certo critério doutrinal no tocante à diferenciação entre as duas jurisdições - a voluntária e a contenciosa; e o critério era, fundamentalmente, este: a jurisdição voluntária, implica o exercício...
Para continuar a ler
PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Dos Processos Especiais
- Processos de Jurisdição Voluntária
- Disposições Gerais
- Providências relativas aos Filhos e aos Cônjuges
- Divórcio ou Separação por Mútuo Consentimento
- Processos de Suprimento
- Alienação ou Oneração de Bens Dotais e de Bens Sujeitos a Fideicomisso
- Autorização ou Confirmação de Certos Actos
- Conselho de Família
- Curadoria Provisória dos Bens do Ausente
- Fixação Judicial do Prazo
- Notificação para Preferência
- Herança Jacente
- Exercício da Testamentaria
- Tutela da Personalidade, do Nome e da Correspondência Confidencial
- Apresentação de Coisas ou Documentos
- Exercício de Direitos Sociais
- Providências relativas aos Navios e à sua Carga
- Atribuição de Bens de Pessoa Colectiva Extinta
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