Noções gerais sobre a cláusula geral anti-abuso (art. 38° Da lei geral tributária)
Autor | Tiago Caiado Guerreiro |
Cargo do Autor | Advogado |
Páginas | 85-88 |
Page 85
Uma cláusula geral antiabuso tem como objectivo estabelecer uma repressão ao abuso do direito à poupança fiscal, considerando como tais os negócios anómalos mas reais (isto é, negócios efectivamente queridos e efectuados pelas partes e não meros negócios simulados) que tenham por escopo (normalmente exclusivo) a elisão da aplicação de normas de incidência tributária (poupança fiscal extra legem).
Ora, os contribuintes podem prevalecer-se do uso do princípio da legalidade para elidirem a aplicação normal das leis fiscais mediante negócios jurídicos que não são tão onerosos para efeitos fiscais.
Na generalidade dos ordenamentos jurídicos que adoptam normas gerais antiabuso fiscal, é reconhecido aos contribuintes o direito à boa gestão fiscal, com o consequente direito à poupança fiscal decorrente das escolhas negociais fiscalmente menos onerosas.
No entanto, o legislador estabelece normas que reprimem o abuso desse direito à poupança fiscal, considerando em regra como tais os negócios anómalos que, embora lícitos, tenham como propósito exclusivo (regra geral) elidir a aplicação normal das regras tributárias.
Ora vejamos os art. 38° da Lei Geral Tributária sob a epígrafe - Ineficácia dos negócios jurídicos:
"1. A ineficácia dos negócios jurídicos não obsta à tributação, no momento em que deva legalmente ocorrer, caso já se tenham produzido os efeitos económicos pretendidos pelas partes."Page 86
"2. São ineficazes os actos ou negócios jurídicos essencial ou principalmente dirigidos, por meios artificiosos ou fraudulentos e...
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PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Livros e Revistas
- O novo regime fiscal das SGPS
- Nota do Autor
- Introdução
- Sociedades gestoras de participações sociais: tendências actuais
- Algumas notas sobre a responsabilidade disciplinar, civil, tributária e penal dos revisores oficiais de contas
- A optimização fiscal. Breve noção do que é e dos fins que visa atingir
- Os limites legais da optimização fiscal lícita. Principais passos para estruturar e organizar um processo de optimização fiscal
- Noções gerais sobre a cláusula geral anti-abuso (art. 38° Da lei geral tributária)
- Noções gerais sobre controlled foreign corporations (CFC). Enumeração das características fundamentais que deve possuir uma zona de baixa ou nula tributação
- Algumas notas sobre desvantagens da utilização directa de veículos offshore no caso português
- O Impacto do direito fiscal internacional no planeamento fiscal: últimos desenvolvimentos
- Anexos
- Position of the European Parliament
- Indice bibliográfico
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