Conclusões
Autor | Luís Poças |
Páginas | 233-236 |
Page 233
A problemática da posição do mediador no contrato de seguro e das questões jurídicas que a mesma suscita levou-nos à análise do regime legal da mediação de seguros, mantendo como referentes as noções dogmáticas de distribuição comercial e de intermediação, de grande relevância para a compreensão da figura e regime da mediação de seguros.
Como sublinhámos, a mediação de seguros é uma actividade com desenvolvimento e heterogeneização relativamente recente, e que só foi objecto de regulação legal em Portugal em 1979 (Decreto-Lei n.º 145/79, de 23 de Maio). Mais recentemente, no âmbito da harmonização legislativa comunitária, a Directiva 2002/92/CE do Parlamento Europeu e do Conselho, de 9 de Dezembro de 2002, revela preocupações de harmonização, quer nos domínios da liberdade de estabelecimento e de prestação de serviços, quer no da protecção dos consumidores.
A Directiva foi transposta para o direito português pelo Decreto-Lei n.º 144/2006, que considera mediação de seguros qualquer actividade que consista em apresentar, ou propor um contrato de seguro ou praticar outro acto preparatório da sua celebração; em celebrar o contrato de seguro; ou em apoiar a gestão e execução desse contrato, em especial em caso de sinistro. O referido diploma releva, assim, não só no âmbito da regulação do acesso e exercício de uma actividade económica (a mediação de seguros) como da descrição e regulação de um tipo legal contratual (o contrato de mediação de seguros).
Desta forma, a descrição dos elementos tipificadores transcende a aproximação das partes tendo em vista a celebração do contrato de seguro, traduzindo-se numa elevada amplitude temporal e heterogeneidade das prestações do mediador de seguros, as quais podem consistir em actos materiais ou jurídicos, podem envolver ou não representação, podem ser ou não por conta do segurador, podem ser anteriores ou posteriores à celebração do contrato de seguro ou consistir até nessa celebração.
Neste quadro, o diploma prevê três categorias distintas de mediadores - mediadores de seguros ligados, agentes de seguros e corretores de seguros - em função da maior ou menor proximidade ou grau de dependência ou de vinculação às empresas de seguros, e cujas características distintivas se revelam verdadeiramente fracturantes no sentido de permitirem identificar subtipos contratuais dentro do tipo mediação de seguros. Page 234
O contrato de mediação de seguros, cujo regime revela, em vários aspectos, algum...
Para continuar a ler
PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Estudos de Direito dos Seguros
- Aspectos da mediação de seguros
- Introdução: Contrato de seguro e intermediação
- A mediação de seguros - Etapas de um percurso
- Relevância do direito comunitário
- O novo regime da mediação de seguros: aspectos gerais
- O contrato de mediação de seguros
- Caracterização do contrato
- As figuras afins da mediação de seguros
- A natureza jurídica da mediação de seguros
- A vinculação do segurador pela conduta do mediador
- A jurisprudência
- Conclusões
- Referências bibliográficas
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