Da Regulação e Repartição de Avarias Marítimas
Autor | Helder Martins Leitão |
Cargo do Autor | Advogado |
Páginas | 131-135 |
Page 131
As avarias consistem nas despesas extraordinárias feitas com o navio ou com a sua carga conjunta ou separadamente e em todos os danos que acontecem ao navio e carga desde que começam até que acabam os riscos do mar.
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* abrangem as despesas e os danos referentes ao navio e à carga;
* abrangem as despesas e os danos sofridos só pelo navio ou só pela carga.
Conjugada esta classificação com o objecto deste tipo especial de processo, resulta que só tem interesse o âmbito das avarias grossas, pois só estas têm de ser repartidas pelo navio e pela carga; como as avarias simples são suportadas só pelo navio ou só pela carga, não há que falar de repartição.
Os critérios legais para a regulação e repartição das avarias grossas estão fixados nos arts. 635.º e 639.º do Código Comercial; o processo especial para a regulação e repartição visa à aplicação desses critérios.
O requerimento inicial, apresentado pelo capitão do navio, integrará:
- compromisso contendo a nomeação dos repartidores - relatório de mar
- protesto
- livros de bordo
e - documentos referentes ao sinistro, ao navio e à carga.
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Page 132
É absolutamente indispensável a intervenção de todos os proprietários do navio e da carga.
Pois que, «se vier a apurar-se que no compromisso não interveio algum interessado, será, a requerimento deste, anulado tudo o que se tenha processado», pontifica a 1.ª parte, do n.º 1, do art. 1064.º do C.P.C.. 185
Esclareça-se que os repartidores nomeados, como se disse, no compromisso têm que o ser em número ímpar não superior a cinco.
Alberto dos Reis, 186 expondo sobre os repartidores, refere que se todos os interessados estiverem de acordo em nomear um único repartidor, é fora de dúvida que a nomeação é legal. Portanto, a regulação e repartição das avarias são feitas por um, por três ou por cinco repartidores, conforme a vontade das partes.
O juiz mandará entregar ao mais velho dos repartidores o relatório de mar, o protesto, todos os livros de bordo e mais documentos concernentes ao sinistro, ao navio e à carga.
No compromisso, além da nomeação do repartidor ou repartidores, pode, igualmente, fixar-se o prazo para a feitura da diligência de regulação e repartição das avarias.
Então, dentro do lapso temporal fixado ou, em sua falta, no designado pelo juiz, 187 os repartidores exporão, desenvolvidamente, o seu parecer sobre a regulação das avarias, num só acto assinado por todos.
Não se vá, todavia, pensar que os repartidores têm que afinar por uma só voz. Nada disso; seria escandaloso se assim fosse. Têm de formar maioria, é certo; contudo quem não concordar com...
Para continuar a ler
PEÇA SUA AVALIAÇÃO- Dos Processos Especiais
- Processos de Jurisdição Contenciosa
- Noções Gerais
- Das Interdições e Inabilitações
- Da Prestação de Caução
- Do Reforço e Substituição da Caução e de outras das Garantias Especiais
- Da Expurgação de Hipotecas e da Extinção de Privilégios
- Da Venda Antecipada de Penhor
- Da Prestação de Contas
- Da Consignação em Depósito
- Da Divisão de Coisa Comum ou de Águas
- Da Regulação e Repartição de Avarias Marítimas
- Da Reforma de Documentos, Autos e Livros
- Da Acção de Indemnização contra Magistrados
- Da Revisão de Sentenças Estrangeiras
- Da Justificação da Ausência
- Da Execução Especial por Alimentos
- Da Liquidação Judicial de Sociedades
- Da Liquidação da Herança Vaga em Benefício do Estado
- Do Inventário
- Do Divórcio e Separação Litigiosos
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