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Autonomia legislativa e Estatuto, 3
Autor | Arnaldo Ourique |
Cargo do Autor | Licenciado, Pós-Graduado e Mestre em Direito , Faculdade de Direito da Universidade de Lisboa |
Páginas | 51-52 |
Page 51
AUTONOMIA LEGISLATIVA E O ESTATUTO, 3 (27
Estamos a verificar a importância da Constituição para determinar a importância do Estatuto. Continuando.
Legislar em matérias enunciadas no estatuto políticoadministrativo. É o segundo limite. Profundo. E transversal. O que está no estatuto está, o que não está, não está. E quem aprova o estatuto?: o parlamento nacional, sujeito a circunstâncias políticas. E a Constituição reforça a ideia repetindo novamente noutra disposição “sobre as matérias enunciadas no estatuto”. Ou seja, a pretensão de uma cláusula aberta no estatuto, como a que existia antes de 2004 no texto da Constituição e do próprio estatuto que agora se vai alterar, «outras matérias que respeitem exclusivamente à respectiva região ou que nela assumam particular configuração”, já não tem, por força da Constituição, lugar para existir no estatuto. Não está previsto no texto agora em discussão. Este é, falando de sistemas, sem reservas, aquele elemento que mais prejudica a autonomia.
E o terceiro limite, não legislar em matérias reservadas aos órgãos de soberania. Limite que, com naturalidade, vem já desde o texto originário de 1976. Mas hoje tem outra pertinência face aos dois limites anteriores, ou melhor, face ao que se possa entender por autonomia legislativa. E o que é de reserva tanto é o que está tipificado como o que não está. Por exemplo, só em 1997 foi escrita na Constituição a competência sobre os símbolos nacionais; e basta pensar em todos os desenvolvimentos decorrentes da União Europeia, para se perceber da possibilidade das mais variadas matérias que, não estando no texto constitucional, tenham que ser consideradas de reserva. Mas não só. Como só o que está no estatuto pode ser legislado pela região, tendo o parlamento nacional a competência genérica para «fazer leis sobre todas as matérias», isso pode levar a que aquele legisle sistematicamente ao abrigo desta disposição genérica aumentando assim o que está e fica reservado aos órgãos de soberania, assim diminuindo paulatinamente o acervo estatutário. Foi isso precisamente que aconteceu de 1997 a 2004.
E há um quarto limite, um conjunto de princípios, não expressos na letra da competência primária, mas que são...
Para continuar a ler
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