Liquidação
Autor | Helder Martins Leitão |
Cargo do Autor | Advogado |
Páginas | 180-182 |
Page 180
s.f. (fr. liquider).
s.c.: acto de liquidar; apuramento de contas; venda de fazendas ou de outros objectos por preço reduzido.
Pressupõe-se para funcionamento de incidente da liquidação, a existência de um pedido genérico e a respectiva conversão em pedido específico ou líquido. Antes de começar a discussão da causa, o autor deduzirá, sendo possível, o incidente de liquidação.
Para além de inconvenientes de ordem prática justifica-se a regra quando se ateste que a actividade exercida através da liquidação é de índole declarativa e não executiva.
Os princípios da disciplina processual impõem que a liquidação se ponha em movimento enquanto o processo permanece na fase declarativa.
Em caso contrário, perturbar-se-á a acção executiva com um incidente inidóneo a esta, por antes e sim se encontrar mais vocacionado para se exercer no domínio da actividade declarativa.
A liquidação é deduzida mediante requerimento oferecido em duplicado, no qual o autor, conforme os casos, relacionará os objectos compreendidos na universalidade ou especificará os danos derivados de facto ilícito e concluirá pedindo quantia certa.
A oposição à liquidação será formulada em duplicado.
A matéria da liquidação é inserida ou aditada à base instrutória da causa.
As provas são oferecidas e produzidas, sendo possível, com as da restante matéria da acção e da defesa.
A liquidação é discutida e julgada com a causa principal.
Page 181
Se for ilíquida a quantia que o executado é obrigado a pagar, o exequente fixará o quantitativo no requerimento incial da execução quando a liquidação dependa de simples cálculo aritmético.
Quando a execução compreenda juros que continuem a vencer-se, a liquidação deles é feita a final pela secretaria, em face do título executivo e dos documentos que o exequente ofereça em conformidade com ele.
Quando a obrigação for ilíquida e a liquidação não depender de simples cálculo aritmético, o exequente especificará no requerimento inicial da execução os valores que considera compreendidos na prestação devida e concluirá por um pedido líquido.
O executado é citado para contestar a liquidação, dentro do prazo fixado para a dedução de embargos, com a explícita advertência da cominação relativa à falta de contestação e do ónus de cumular a oposição à liquidação com a dedução de embargos à execução.
Não sendo contestada a liquidação, considera-se fixada a obrigação nos termos requeridos pelo exequente e ordenar-se-á o seguimento da execução...
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